Efek Rasio Umpan Co-Gasifikasi Batu Bara dan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit terhadap Produksi Metanol: Studi Simulasi
Abstract
Metanol memiliki banyak kegunaan di berbagai bidang, baik sebagai senyawa kimia antara untuk diproses lebih lanjut, sebagai penyusun sebuah senyawa kimia akhir, maupun sebagai bahan bakar. Fleksibilitas penggunaan metanol menjadikan peranannya strategis dalam pengembangan bahan kimia dan energi masa depan. Penelitian ini mengkaji efek rasio umpan batu bara dan tandan kosong kelapa sawit pada proses co-gasifikasi untuk menghasilkan metanol, dengan melakukan studi simulasi di piranti lunak Aspen Plus v.11. Variasi rasio tersebut adalah 100-0, 85-15, 70-30, 50-50, 30-70, 15-85, dan 0-100, di mana rasio 100-0 menunjukkan proses gasifikasi batu bara murni. Performa proses diukur dengan menggunakan parameter process mass intensity (PMI), yaitu parameter yang lazim diterapkan di dunia industri untuk mengevaluasi aspek berkelanjutan sebuah proses. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa berkurangnya komposisi batu bara pada umpan co-gasifikasi menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan kandungan CO pada syngas. Hal ini menyebabkan penurunan produktivitas proses sintesis metanol, yang diindikasikan dengan meningkatnya nilai PMI. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menghasilkan luaran berupa tren PMI terhadap komposisi batu bara di dalam umpan. Tren tersebut memberikan sebuah persamaan polinomial beroder dua (y = 0,0002x2 – 0,0481x + 5,3381) yang berguna bagi para perancang pabrik untuk memprediksi secara cepat mengenai jumlah metanol yang dapat dihasilkan apabila rasio umpan co-gasifikasi divariasikan.
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